PAT Testing — Plain English Guide

Looking for the technical detail? Read the version for professionals → IET Code of Practice 5th Edition, in-service inspection methodology, and risk-based testing intervals.

What is PAT testing?

Checking electrical items to make sure they're safe and won't cause shocks or fires.

Is PAT testing legally required?

No.

But you are legally required to keep equipment safe, and PAT testing is the simplest way to prove it.

Do I need PAT testing for my business?

Yes. It's the easiest way to show you're keeping equipment safe for staff, insurers, and regulators.

Why do businesses actually do PAT testing?

To avoid risk. It protects people, reduces fire risk, and shows you're compliant if anything goes wrong.

Who is responsible for PAT testing?

You are. If you own or run the business, it's your responsibility.

How often should I PAT test my equipment?

As often as needed. Higher use and higher risk = more frequent testing.

What happens if I don't do PAT testing?

You carry the risk. If something goes wrong, you'll struggle to prove you managed electrical safety properly.

Can I do PAT testing myself?

Yes — but only if you know what you're doing. Otherwise use a professional.

Do I need qualifications to PAT test?

No. But you must be competent and able to justify your decisions.

What equipment needs PAT testing?

Anything you plug in. Kettles, laptops, extension leads, chargers.

Do extension leads need PAT testing?

Yes. They're one of the most common causes of electrical faults.

Do laptops and chargers need PAT testing?

Yes. They get damaged easily and are used daily.

Do new items need PAT testing?

No — new items don't need a full PAT. But a quick visual check before first use is still expected, and most businesses include them in the next testing cycle anyway.

Does PAT testing cover hardwired equipment?

No. PAT testing is for plug-in equipment only. Hardwired equipment is checked under an EICR.

How often should kitchen appliances be PAT tested?

Annually for most rental and commercial settings. Kitchens are high-risk environments — heat, water, and frequent use.

What does PAT testing actually involve?

A visual check and a quick electrical test.

How long does PAT testing take?

A few minutes per item. It's quick and low disruption.

How much does PAT testing cost?

Usually low cost. Often £1–£3 per item depending on volume.

Can equipment fail a PAT test?

Yes — if it's damaged or unsafe.

What happens if something fails?

Take it out of use. Repair it or replace it.

Do I need PAT testing labels?

No. But they make tracking and proving compliance easier.

Do I need records of PAT testing?

Yes. It helps prove you're managing safety properly.

Is PAT testing needed in an office?

Yes. Office equipment still carries risk.

Is PAT testing needed for small businesses?

Yes. The risk doesn't change just because you're small.

Do landlords need PAT testing?

In England, not strictly — but it's a simple way to prove appliances you supply are safe.

In Scotland, PAT testing is effectively required for furnished lets under the Repairing Standard. In Northern Ireland and Wales, the position is similar to England.

What's the difference between PAT testing and an EICR?

PAT is for plug-in items. An EICR checks the building wiring.

How long does a PAT test last?

There's no fixed expiry. Most businesses retest every 12 months for office equipment, and more often for high-use or damage-prone items. Construction sites typically test every 3 months.

What's the real purpose of PAT testing?

To stop electric shock and fire. Everything else is just proof.

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Need the technical version? Read the PAT testing guide for professionals →